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Children and Youth with Extensive Support Needs
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Children and Youth with Extensive Support Needs
Preparation for Adult Life



August 2025 | 376 pages | SAGE Publications, Inc
Children and Youth with Extensive Support Needs: Preparation for Adult Life, by Tom E. C. Smith and Suzanne Kucharczyk, takes a practical approach to prepare educators who will work with students with low incidence or complex disabilities. This text uniquely addresses the importance of preparing youth with significant support needs, starting earlier in their school years, for a high quality of life as adults. Smith and Kucharczyk stress the role of special education teachers in leading collaborative, interdisciplinary decision-making teams—including paraprofessionals, general educators, and families—to achieve better outcomes for students previously labeled as having severe disabilities. Equipped with evidence-based practices, in-depth exploration of essential skills for student success, and strategies for programmatic, technological, and interpersonal support, this text enables educators to better serve students with complex needs.

 
Preface
 
Acknowledgments
 
About the Authors
 
Part 1: Foundational Concepts for Instructors to Support Students with Extensive Support Needs
 
Chapter 1: Individuals with Extensive Support Needs – Keeping Adulthood in Mind
Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Quality of Life and Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Adult Outcomes for Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Services for Persons with Extensive Support Needs

 
Disability Through the Life Span

 
Stakeholders Involved with Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Final Thoughts on Individuals with Extensive Support Needs – Keeping Adulthood in Mind

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 2: Disabilities Requiring Extensive Support Needs
Understanding the Concept of Extensive Support Needs

 
Autism Spectrum Disorder

 
Intellectual Disabilities

 
Multiple Disabilities

 
Emotional/Behavioral Disorders and Serious Mental Health Issues

 
Physical Disabilities

 
Medical Conditions Resulting in Extensive Support Needs

 
Final Thoughts: Disabilities Requiring Extensive Supports

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 3: Identifying Individuals with Extensive Support Needs
Assessment and its Purposes

 
Assessment Methods

 
Identifying Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Role of Assessment in the Success of Adults with Extensive Support Needs

 
Final Thoughts on Identifying Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 4: Partnering with Families
Definition and Characteristics of Families

 
Impacts Families Face with a Child or Adult Child with Extensive Support Needs

 
Legal Requirements for Involving Families in Education and Adult Services

 
Cultural and Ethnic Considerations

 
Poverty and Family Involvement

 
Guardianship Issues

 
Strategies to Involve Families

 
Respite Care

 
Final Thoughts on Family Partnerships

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Part 2: Skills that Students with Extensive Support Need to Thrive
 
Chapter 5: Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Communication Skills and Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Augmentative and Alternative Communication and Social Inclusion

 
Selecting AAC Technology and Intervention Goals in Support of Transition

 
Stakeholders and the Role of School Personnel

 
AAC Services After the School Years

 
Final Thoughts on Augmentative and Alternative Communication

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 6: Social Skills and Individuals with Extensive Support Needs
Social Skills and Social Competence

 
Importance of Social Skills for Individuals with Extensive Support Needs in School, Work and the Community

 
Assessment of Social Skills

 
Teaching Social Skills

 
Role of IEP Team in Teaching and Supporting Social Skills

 
Final Thoughts: Social Skills: Implications for Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 7: Self-Advocacy and Self-Determination
Self-Determination and Self-Advocacy

 
Importance of Self-Determination

 
Skills Associated with Self-Determination

 
Teaching Self-Determination

 
Guardianship and Self-Determination

 
Final Thoughts: Self Advocacy and Self-Determination

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 8: Behavioral Supports
Preventing Challenging Behavior

 
Multi-Tiered Systems of Support

 
Designing Individualized Behavior Support or Intervention Plans

 
Final Thoughts on Behavior and Individuals with Extensive Needs

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 9: School Supports & Services
IEP Requirements and Critical Decision Making for Teaching Students with Extensive Support Needs

 
Instruction, Services, Accommodations and Modifications

 
Final Thoughts on School Supports and Services for Students with Extensive Support Needs

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Part 3: Supports to Help Transition Students into Adulthood: Education, Employment, and Aging
 
Chapter 10: Leading the Educational Team
Leadership In Schools

 
Leadership and Special Education

 
Special Education Teachers as Leaders

 
Final Thoughts on Leading the Educational Team

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 11: Preparing for Transition to Adulthood
Transition and Students with Extensive Support Needs

 
Legal Aspects of Transition Planning and Services

 
Transition Planning Team and Transition Assessment

 
Final Thoughts on Transition Planning

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 12: Employment and Individuals with Extensive Support Needs
Individuals with Extensive Support Needs and Employment

 
Legal Requirements in Employment for Persons with Extensive Support Needs

 
Preparing Partners for Employment

 
Steps for Preparing Students for Employment

 
Final Thoughts on Employment and Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 13: Independent Living Opportunities and Preparation
Quality of Life and Independent Living

 
Factors Promoting Independent Living

 
Benefits of Independent Living

 
Assessment for Independent Living

 
Current Community Living Options

 
Implications for Public Schools

 
Final Thoughts on Independent Living Opportunities and Preparation

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 14: Aging and Individuals with Extensive Support Needs
Aging Adults with Extensive Support Needs

 
Services for Aging Adults with Extensive Support Needs

 
Person-Centered and Futures Planning

 
Quality of Life and Aging Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Successful Aging for Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Final Thoughts on Aging Individuals with Extensive Support Needs

 
Summary

 
Review Questions

 
Critical Thinking Question

 
Key Terms

 
 
Glossary
 
References
Key features
  • This text is organized into three sections to build on student learning: Foundational Concepts, Skills Students with Support Needs Need to Thrive, and the Supports Needed for Students to Enjoy a High Quality of Life as Adults.
  • Chapter Objectives help students navigate each chapter.
  • Chapter-opening Vignettes feature children and adults with extensive support needs to set the stage for learning.
  • Questions to Consider get students to think about the issues raised in each vignette and how to address them.
  • Final Thoughts provide closing remarks on each chapter.
  • Final Thoughts on the Chapter-opening Vignette provide further reflection on the opening narrative using learning from the chapter. 
  • Chapter Summaries give students a quick overview of what was discussed.
  • Review Questions provide students with a chance to reflect on the chapter.
  • Critical Thinking Questions at the end of each chapter can be used as essay prompts or in-class discussion.
  • Key terms and a glossary to provide students easy access to the chapter's new topics.

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