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Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

Published in Association with Argentine Arthroscopy Association
Published in Association with Arthroscopy Association of Canada
Published in Association with Argentine Association for Sports Traumatology
Published in Association with Australian Knee Society
Published in Association with Brazilian Knee Surgery Society (SBCJ)
Published in Association with Colombian Association of Arthroscopic Surgery
Published in Association with Chinese Society of Sports Medicine
Published in Association with Danish Association of Sports Medicine
Published in Association with Egyptian Arthroscopy Association
Published in Association with The Forum
Published in Association with Francophone Arthroscopy Society
Published in Association with German Knee Society
Published in Association with Hungarian Arthroscopy Association (HAA)
Published in Association with Indonesian Hip and Knee Society
Published in Association with Indian Arthroscopy Society
Published in Association with Irish Shoulder & Elbow Society
Published in Association with JSOA
Published in Association with Korean Arthroscopy Society (KAS)
Published in Association with Polish Arthroscopic Society
Published in Association with New Zealand Knee & Sports Society
Published in Association with Spanish Society for Sports Traumatology
Published in Association with South African Knee Society
Published in Association with Society for Arthroscopy and Joint Surgery
Published in Association with Turkish Association of Sports Medicine
An Open Access Journal for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy and Knee Arthroplasty

eISSN: 23259671 | ISSN: 23259671 | Current volume: 13 | Current issue: 12 Frequency: Monthly

The Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine (OJSM), developed by the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM), is a global, peer-reviewed, open access journal that combines the interests of researchers and clinical practitioners across orthopaedic sports medicine, arthroscopy, and knee and shoulder arthroplasty.

Topics include original research in the areas of:

  • Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, including surgical and nonsurgical treatment of orthopaedic sports injuries
  • Arthroscopic Surgery (Shoulder/Elbow/Wrist/Hip/Knee/Ankle/Foot)
  • Relevant translational research
  • Sports traumatology/epidemiology
  • Knee and shoulder arthroplasty

The OJSM also publishes relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

EDITORIAL:
Read the first Editorial Open Access for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, written by Editor-in-Chief Bruce Reider, MD and Associate Editors Drs. Allen F. Anderson and Mark E. Steiner.

OJSM FAQs:
Find out more about OJSM, read the OJSM FAQs.

Editorial Board:
The OJSM editorial board members hail from over 30 different countries. This map recognizes a global presence by highlighting the locations of our distinguished editorial board in red.

Abstract Supplements:
OJSM accepts meeting and poster abstracts from partner societies for publication in the Journal. Click here for submission details.

Submit your manuscript today at https://submit.ojsm.org/.

The Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine (OJSM), developed by the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM), is a global, peer-reviewed, open access journal that combines the interests of researchers and clinical practitioners across orthopaedic sports medicine, arthroscopy, and knee and shoulder arthroplasty.

The aim of OJSM is to provide a truly international source of high-quality peer-reviewed clinical research, relevant basic and translational research, and review articles.

Topics include original research in the areas of:

  • Orthopaedic sports medicine, including surgical and nonsurgical treatment of orthopaedic sports injuries
  • Arthroscopic surgery (shoulder/elbow/wrist/hip/knee/ankle/foot)
  • Relevant translational research
  • Sports traumatology/epidemiology
  • Knee and shoulder arthroplasty

OJSM also publishes relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses as well as consensus statements and scientific meeting abstracts of affiliated societies.

Editor-in-Chief
Bruce Reider, MD University of Chicago, AOSSM, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Associate Editors
Julian Feller, MB, BS (Hons) OrthoSport Victoria, Richmond, VIC 3124, Australia
Donald C. Fithian, MD Torrey Pines Orthopaedic Medical Group, San Diego, California, USA
Keith Kenter, MD Western Michigan University School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
Daniel C. Wascher, MD University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Ivan Ho-Bun Wong, MD, FRCS(C), MACM, Dip. Sports Med Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
Assistant Editor for Social Media
Douglas A. Evans, MD Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
AOSSM Publishing Advisory Board
Stephen F. Brockmeier, MD University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Lutul D. Farrow, MD Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Frank Winston Gwathmey Jr, MD University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Eric McCarty, MD University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Matthew T. Provencher, MD The Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, USA
Bruce Reider, MD University of Chicago, AOSSM, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Kurt P. Spindler, MD Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Edward M. Wojtys, MD University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Rick Wright, MD Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Editorial Staff
Donna Tilton Senior Editorial and Production Manager
Editorial Board Representatives
Kristoffer Barfod, MD, PhD Sports Othopedic Research Center - Copenhagen (SORC-C), Copenhagen, Denmark
Tahsin Beyzadeoglu, MD Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
Nicolaas C. Budhiparama Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
Philippe Clavert, MD, PhD University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
Benno Ejnisman, MD Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Deepak Goyal, MBBS, MS, DNB Saumya Arthroscopy & Sports Knee Clinic, Ahmedabad, India
Chul-Won Ha, MD, PhD Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
Adel Hamed, MD Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Camilo Helito, MD, PhD, Prof University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Yinghui Hua, MD, PhD Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Christian Lattermann, MD Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Lance E. LeClere, MD Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Alberto E. Martínez Trillos, MD Private Practice, Bogota, Colombia
Andri Maruli Tua Lubis, MD, PhD Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Hideo Matsumoto, MD, PhD Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Juan D. Ayala Mejías, MD, PhD Hospital San Rafael, Madrid, Spain
Mauro Minig, MD Sanatorio Allende Cordoba, Argentina
Philipp Niemeyer, MD, PhD Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany
Pericles P. Papadopoulos, MD, PhD Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Mark V. Paterno, PT, PhD, MBA, SCS, ATC Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
Attila Pavlik, MD, PhD Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Simon N.J. Roberts, MA, BM Bch, FRCS (Ortho) FFSEM(UK) The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, United Kingdom
Daniel Slullitel, MD Hospital Italiano de Rosario Instituto Jaime Slullitel, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
Anders Stålman, MD, PhD Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Allison Tucker, MD, MSc, FRCS(C) Young Kempt Physiotherapy, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Alex Vaisman, MD Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Christopher Vertullo, MBBS, FRACS, FAOrthA Knee Research Australia & Griffith University, Benowa, Australia
Stefano Zaffagnini, MD Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
Editorial Board
Ashraf Abdelkafy, MD Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Julie Agel, MA, ATC University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Ryuichiro Akagi, MD, PhD Oyumino Central Hospital, Chiba, Japan
Sachin Allahabadi, MD Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
Georgina Allen, MD Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Ana Catarina Ângelo, MD Hospital dos SAMS de Lisboa I Joaquim Chaves Saúde, Lisbon, Portugal
Miguel A. Ayerza, MD, PhD Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Christian Balazs, MD Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
Maurice Balke, MD Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany
Michael Banffy, MD Kerlan Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic, Los Angeles, California, USA
Knut Beitzel, MD Technische Universität München, München, Germany
Paulo Santoro Belangero, MD, PhD Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Daniel Berthold, MD Musculoskeletal University Center Munich, Munich, Germany
Patrick M. Birmingham, MD NorthShore University Health System, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Leslie J. Bisson, MD State University of New York at Buffalo, Amherst, New York, USA
Matthew Brick, MBchB, FRACS(Ortho) Millennium Institute of Sport and Health, Auckland, New Zealand
Matthias Brockmeyer, MD Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
Daniel D. Buss, MD Allina Health Orthopedics, Edina, Minnesota, USA
E. Lyle Cain, MD Andrews Sports Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Michael R. Carmont, MBBS Princess Royal Hospital, Telford, United Kingdom
Joe Chih-Hao Chiu, MD, PhD Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Gueishan Township, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
James A. Cooper, PhD Musculoskeletal and Translational Tissue Engineering Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Andrew J. Cosgarea, MD Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
David DeJour, MD Lyon-Ortho-Clinic, Lyon, France
Clayton Del Prince, MD UBMD Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Buffalo, New York, USA
Lee H. Diehl, MD Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Patrick Djian, MD Cabinet Goethe - Chirurgie Orthopedique, Paris, France
Jeffrey R. Dugas, MD American Sports Medicine Institute, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Mohammed ElAttar, MBBCH, MD Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Hussein Elkousy, MD Fondren Orthopedic Group, Houston, Texas, USA
Kevin Farmer, MD University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Julian A. Feller, FRACS OrthoSport Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Giuseppe Filardo, MD, PhD Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
Niklaus F. Friederich, MD University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Charles J. Gatt, MD Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson, Somerset, New Jersey, USA
Robin M. Gehrmann, MD Collegiate Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine Institute, Millburn, New Jersey, USA
C. David Geier, MD Better Life Carolinas, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
James Warner Genuario, MD Steadman Hawkins Clinic Denver, Englewood, Colorado, USA
Andreas H. Gomoll, MD Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
Justin J. Greiner, MD University of Nebraska Medical Center, Papillion, Nebraska, USA
Stefan H. Greiner, MD Sporthopaedicum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
Matthew James Hartwell, MD University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Javad Hashemi, PhD Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
Elmar Herbst, MD University Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
Iftach Hetsroni, MD Meir General Hospital, Kfar Saba, Israel
Sherwin S.W. Ho, MD University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Ali Hosseini, PhD Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Jonathan D. Hughes, MD University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Michael Hulstyn, MD Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
Michael Ilias Iosifidis, MD, PhD OrthoBiology, Surgery Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
Grant Lloyd Jones, MD The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Morgan H. Jones, MD, MPH Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Charles Kajetanek, MD Institut Locomoteur de l'Ouest, Saint-Grégoire, France
Richard W. Kang, MS, MD Colorado Permanente Medical Group, Denver, Colorado, USA
Rajeev Kelkar, PhD, MPhil, MS, BS InSciTech, Inc., Mountainview, California, USA
Nobuto Kitamura, MD St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Masahiko Kobayashi, MD, PhD Kyoto Shimogamo Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
Jason Lee Koh, MD Endeavor Health, Evanston, Illinois, USA
Lars Konradsen, MD Bispebjerg Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
Daniel Latt, MD, PhD University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
Stephen E. Lemos, MD, PhD Associated Orthopedists of Detroit, Detroit, Michigan, USA
Michael Leunig, MD Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland
Olaf Lorbach, MD, PhD Schön-Clinic, Lorsch, Germany
Scott A. Lynch, MD Penn State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
Hsiao-Li Ma, MD Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Robert A. Magnussen, MD, MPH The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Ajith Malige, MD Advanced Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
Michael Maloney, MD University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
Rodrigo Mardones, MD Longevityforcell, Santiago, Chile
Vladimir Martinek, MD Orthopädie Harthausen, Bad Aibling, Germany
Prashant Meshram, MBBS, MS, DNB Apollo Hospital, Hyderabad, India
Charles Milgrom, MD Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
Kai Mithoefer, MD Harvard Medical School, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
Yu Mochizuki, MD Kaiseirihabiriseiekigeka Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
Ryan N. Moran, PhD, LAT, ATC University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
Roger Leandro Nunes Ogassawara, MD Policlinica Parana/IOT Maringá, Maringá, Parana, Brazil
Sam Oussedik, BSc, MBBS, FRCS(Tr&Orth) University College Hospital London, United Kingdom
Pericles P. Papadopoulos, MD, PhD Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Jin-Young Park, MD, PhD Neon Orthopaedic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
David A. Parker, MD Sydney Orthopaedic Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Nata Parnes, MD Carthage Area Hospital, Carthage, New York, USA
Halit Pinar, MD Private Practice, Izmir, Turkey
Pietro S. Randelli, MD Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini, Milan, Italy
Christopher J. Roach, MD Charles George VA Medical Center, Asheville, North Carolina, USA
Anthony A. Romeo, MD Romeo Orthopedics, Hinsdale, Illinois, USA
Jan Harald Røtterud, MD, PhD Akershus University Hospital, Holter, Norway
Michell Ruiz-Suarez, MD, PhD Traumatología Deportiva de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Patrick Sadoghi, MD, PhD, MBA Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Jose Antonio San Juan, MD Cebu Orthopaedic Institute, Cebu City, Philippines
Mikel Sanchez, MD Arthroscopic Surgery Unit, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Robert C. Schenck, MD University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Mark S. Schickendantz, MD Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Elizabeth J. Scott, MD Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Joseph Milo Sewards, MD Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Robert Smigielski, MD LIFE Medical Center, Warsaw, Poland
Chris C. Stroud, MD William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, Michigan, USA
Steven J. Svoboda, MD MedStar Orthopaedic Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
Yoshitsugu Takeda, MD, PhD Tokushima Red Cross Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
Sachin R. Tapasvi, MS, DNB, FRCS The Orthopaedic Speciality Clinic, Pune, India
Alex Vaisman, MD Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Michael L. Voight, PT, DHSc, OCS, SCS, ATC, FAPTA Belmont University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Dharmesh Vyas, MD, PhD University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania, USA
W. Angus Wallace, FRCS(Ed&Eng), FRCSEd(Orth), FFSEM(UK) Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Daniel B. Whelan, MD St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Stefano Zaffagnini, MD Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
Emeritus Editorial Board Members
Stephen F. Brockmeier, MD University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Brian J. Cole, MD, MBA Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Magali Cucchiarini, PhD Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Homburg/Saar, Germany
Juan M. Del Castillo, MD Clínica de Traumatología y Ortopedia de la Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
David R. Diduch, MD, MS University of Virginia Health Systems, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Daniel Tik-Pui Fong, PhD School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
Andreas B. Imhoff, MD Technische Universität München, München, Germany
Mary Lloyd Ireland, MD University of Kentucky Healthcare, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
Bernhard Jost, MD Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
Lee D. Kaplan, MD University of Miami Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
Miguel A. Khoury, MD Hudson, Argentina
Gunnar Knutsen, MD, PhD University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
Mininder S. Kocher, MD, MPH Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Jit-Kheng Lim, MBBCh, FRCSEd, FRCSGlasg, FRCSEd(Orth), MSportMed Singapore, Singapore
Martin Lind, MD, PhD Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Robert G. McCormack, MD, FRCSC University of British Columbia, New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada
Dominik C. Meyer, MD University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
Martha Meaney Murray, MD Children's Hospital of Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Leo A. Pinczewski, FRACS University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia
J. R. Rudzki, MD The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
Orrin H. Sherman, MD New York, New York, USA
Matthew V. Smith, MD Washington University, Chesterfield, Missouri, USA
Timothy N. Taft, MD University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
Dean C. Taylor, MD Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Willem M. Van Der Merwe, MD Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
Darius G. Viskontas, MD, FRCSC University of British Columbia, New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada
Michael Wettstein, MD Institut de Traumatologie et d'Orthopédie du Léman Suisse, Genolier, Switzerland
Brian R. Wolf, MD, MS University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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  • The editor of OJSM, Bruce Reider, can be contacted via e-mail at breider@ojsm.org.

    The Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine: An Open Access Journal for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy and Knee Arthroplasty is a publication of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM). Manuscripts must not be under simultaneous consideration by any other publication, before or during the peer-review process. Articles published in OJSM may not be published elsewhere without written permission from the publisher. The Journal recognizes complete editorial independence from the AOSSM and all other affiliated socieites.

    Only manuscripts that meet the aims and scope of OJSM are reviewed. OJSM utilizes a double-blind peer-review process for new submissions, which includes a minimum of 2 referees as well as an Associate Editor and the Editor-in-Chief. Revised manuscripts are reviewed by the assigned Associate Editor, who evaluates the revision and decides whether the authors have responded adequately to the reviewers’ comments and whether further revisions are required before the submission can be considered acceptable. The authors of some manuscripts originally submitted to the American Journal of Sports Medicine (AJSM) may be invited to revise their work according to the comments of the AJSM peer referees and submit the revision to OJSM. These revised AJSM manuscripts are reviewed by an Associate Editor in the same manner as other revised manuscripts. The following criteria are used in evaluating all manuscripts: study design, quality of execution, quality of writing, contribution to current knowledge, acknowledgment of study limitations, support of the Journal’s mission, and compliance with COPE and ICMJE guidelines for ethical publication. All manuscript decisions are approved by the Editor-in-Chief, who may request additional changes or modify the decision. All reviewers are required to update their disclosures each year to minimize potential reviewer bias.

    As part of the submission process, you will be required to warrant that you are submitting your original work, that you have the rights in the work, that you are submitting the work for first publication in the Journal and that it is not being considered for publication elsewhere and has not already been published elsewhere, and that you have obtained and can supply all necessary permissions for the reproduction of any copyright works not owned by you.

    This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

    A modest author publication fee of US$1000 will be assessed upon acceptance. There are no fees payable to submit to this journal. Discounted fees are available for those who meet the following criteria:

    • $750 if the author is a member of an affiliated society (for a list of affiliated societies, please click here) or if the contribution is cascaded from another journal associated with an affiliated society (current cascade options: The American Journal of Sports Medicine; Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach)
    • The processing fee will be waived if the author resides in a low-income (http://data.worldbank.org/income-level/LIC) or lower-middle income (http://data.worldbank.org/income-level/LMC) country as noted by the World Bank

    Please note that Canadian authors will need to pay the applicable tax with the Article Processing Charge.

    OJSM is now accepting manuscripts at http://submit.ojsm.org.

    Download the OJSM Manuscript Submission Guidelines or see below.

    Download the OJSM Ethics Policies.

    1. Manuscript Submission Guidelines
    2. Submissions
    3. Manuscript Formats
    4. Manuscript Preparation
      4.1 Abstract
      4.2 Study Designs
      4.3 Text
      4.4 Acknowledgment
      4.5 References
      4.6 Figures and Tables
      4.7 Videos
    5. Accepted Manuscripts
    6. Abstract Submission Guidelines
    7. Important Notice on Plagiarism and Copyright Infringement

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    1. Manuscript Submission Guidelines

    Manuscripts must not be under simultaneous consideration by any other publication, before or during the peer-review process. Articles published in OJSM may not be published elsewhere without written permission from the publisher.

    Manuscripts should cite any other work by one or more of the co-authors that is relevant to the subject matter of the current submission or that used any of the same subjects, animals, or specimens being reported in the current submission. This includes manuscripts that are currently under preparation, are being considered by journals, are accepted for publication, or already published. In any of these cases, the relationship to the current submission should be made clear.

    The authors retain copyright under the terms outlined by the Creative Commons Attribution Open Access Noncommercial License Agreement. This license stipulates that anyone is free to copy, distribute, and display the article provided they give credit to the article. For more information on the Creative Commons Noncommercial Attribution License, please visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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    2. Submissions

    Authors should register on our online submission site at http://submit.ojsm.org to submit manuscripts.

    When manuscripts have been received by the editorial office, the corresponding author will be sent an acknowledgment giving an assigned manuscript number, which should be used with all subsequent correspondence for anything related to that particular manuscript.

    The following items are required on submission:

    1. Blinded manuscript including the abstract and figures legends. No identifying information should appear in the uploaded manuscript. Please remove author names, initials, and institutions.
    2. Journal Contributor Publishing Agreement and OJSM Author Disclosure Statement. These forms are available for download from the Author Area of the submission site. The corresponding author must complete the forms and return them to OJSM by e-mail or upload them online as a PDF or Word file using the ‘‘upload legal documents’’ option. As an alternative to the OJSM disclosure form, authorsmay submit the ICMJE disclosure form along with the OJSM Supplemental Form available on our website.
    3. A copy of the IRB or other agency approval (or waiver) if animal subjects or human subjects or tissues or health information were used.
    4. The original study protocol for all registered clinical trials must be included and can be uploaded as a supplemental file. This information should be blinded for peer review (remove author name and location as well as trial registration number). Use of a CONSORT flow diagram is required to illustrate the grouping and flow of patients for all randomized clinical trials. The CONSORT checklist must also be completed and uploaded as a supplemental file.

    Cover letter, acknowledgments, and suggested reviewers are optional. If a paper has more than 5 authors, a cover letter detailing the contributions of all authors should be included in the appropriate box on the submission page. Only those involved in writing the paper should be included in the author line. Others should be listed as a footnote or acknowledgment. While there is no limit on the number of authors, no more than 12 will be listed on the masthead of the published article; additional authors will be listed at the end of the article.

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    3. Manuscript Formats

    Manuscript pages should be double-spaced with consecutive page numbers and continuous line numbers. The abstract should be included with the manuscript as well as being entered in the Metadata section (except for case reports, which do not require abstracts). There are no limitations on figures, tables, and references. The system handles most common word processing formats; however, MS Word files for text and Word or Excel tables are preferred.

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    4. Manuscript Preparation

    4.1 Abstract

    Abstracts should summarize the contents of the article in 350 words or less. The abstract should be structured in the following format:

    Background: In one or two sentences, summarize the scientific body of knowledge surrounding your study and how this led to your investigation.

    Hypothesis/Purpose: State the theory(ies) that you are attempting to prove or disprove by your study or the purpose if no hypothesis exists.

    Study Design: Identify the overall design of your study. See list below.

    Methods: Succinctly summarize the overall methods you used in your investigation. Include the study population, type of intervention, method of data collection, and length of the study.

    Results: Report the most important results of your study. Only include positive results that are statistically significant, or important negative results that are supported by adequate power. Report actual data, not just P values.

    Conclusion: State the answer to your original question or hypothesis. Summarize the most important conclusions that can be directly drawn from your study.

    Clinical Relevance: If yours was a laboratory study, describe its relevance to clinical sports medicine.

    Key Terms: Provide at least 4 key words for indexing.

    What is known about the subject: Please state what is currently known about this subject to place your study in perspective for the reviewers.

    What this study adds to existing knowledge: Please state what this study adds to the existing knowledge.

    The last two items are for reviewers only and are not included in the word count, but should appear at the end of the abstract in the uploaded text.

    4.2 Study Designs

    Meta-analysis: A systematic overview of studies that pools results of two or more studies to obtain an overall answer to a question or interest. Summarizes quantitatively the evidence regarding a treatment, procedure, or association.

    Systematic Review: An article that examines published material on a clearly described subject in a systematic way. There must be a description of how the evidence on this topic was tracked down, from what sources and with what inclusion and exclusion criteria.

    Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial: A group of patients is randomized into an experimental group and a control group. These groups are followed up for the variables / outcomes of interest.

    Crossover Study Design: The administration of two or more experimental therapies one after the other in a specified or random order to the same group of patients.

    Cohort Study: Involves identification of two groups (cohorts) of patients, one which did receive the exposure of interest, and one which did not, and following these cohorts forward for the outcome of interest.

    Case-Control Study: A study that involves identifying patients who have the outcome of interest (cases) and patients without the same outcome (controls), and looking back to see if they had the exposure of interest.

    Cross-Sectional Study: The observation of a defined population at a single point in time or time interval. Exposure and outcome are determined simultaneously.

    Case Series: Describes characteristics of a group of patients with a particular disease or who have undergone a particular procedure. Design may be prospective or retrospective. No control group is used in the study, although the discussion may compare the results to other published outcomes.

    Case Report: Similar to the case series, except that only one or a small group of cases is reported.

    Descriptive Epidemiology Study: Observational study describing the injuries occurring in a particular sport.

    Controlled Laboratory Study: An in vitro or in vivo investigation in which 1 group receiving an experimental treatment is compared to 1 or more groups receiving no treatment or an alternate treatment.

    Descriptive Laboratory Study: An in vivo or in vitro study that describes characteristics such as anatomy, physiology, or kinesiology of a broad range of subjects or a specific group of interest. Authors should choose the design that best fits the study.

    The Editor will make the final determination of the study design and level of evidence based on the Center for Evidence Based Medicine guidelines.

    4.3 Text

    In general, follow the standard IMRAD (Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion) format for writing scientific articles. The author is responsible for all statements made in the work, including copyeditor changes, which the author will have an opportunity to verify. Authors with limited fluency in English should have the paper reviewed or edited by a native English speaker to ensure clear presentation of the work. Papers including human or animal subjects must include a statement of approval by appropriate agencies in the text, and a copy of the approval letter must be uploaded with the submission. If approval was not required, authors must upload a waiver statement from the appropriate agency. The institution should not be mentioned in the blinded manuscript, but should be added on acceptance.

    Reports on surgery, except in rare instances, require a minimum follow-up of 2 years.

    Use generic names of drugs or devices. If a particular brand was used in a study, insert the brand name along with the name and location of the manufacturer in parentheses after the generic name when the drug or device is first mentioned in the text.

    Use metric units in measurements (centimeter vs inch, kilogram vs pound).

    Abbreviations should be used sparingly. When abbreviations are used, give the full term followed by the abbreviation in parentheses the first time it is mentioned in the text, such as femur-ACL-tibia complex (FATC).

    Use of a CONSORT flow diagram is required to illustrate the grouping and flow of patients in all randomized controlled trials and is recommended for all other types of clinical studies.

    Statistical methods should be described in detail. Actual P values should be used unless less than .001. Reporting of 95% confidence intervals is encouraged.

    4.4 Acknowledgment

    Type the acknowledgments in the box provided on the submission page. Give credit to technical assistants and professional colleagues who contributed to the quality of the paper but are not listed as authors. Please briefly describe the contributions made by persons being acknowledged.

    4.5 References

    References should be double-spaced in alphabetical order and numbered according to alphabetical listing. If references are not in alphabetical order the uploaded file will be REJECTED and will have to be resubmitted with the references in the correct form. When author entries are the same, alphabetize by the first word of the title. In general, use the Index Medicus form for abbreviating journal titles and the AMA Manual of Style (10th ed) for format. Note: References must be retrievable. Do not include in the reference list meeting presentations that have not been published. Data such as presentations and articles that have been submitted for publication but have not been accepted must be put in the text as unpublished data immediately after mention of the information (for example, ‘‘Smith and Jones (unpublished data, 2000) noted ... ’’). Personal communications and other references to unpublished data are discouraged. For review purposes, unpublished references that are closely related to the submitted paper or are important for understanding it should be uploaded as supplemental files.

    References will be linked to Medline citations for the reviewers. Authors can include articles that are in e-publish mode by including the article’s DOI (digital object identifier): Emery CA, Meeuwisse WH. Injury rates and mechanisms of injury in hockey [published online ahead of print May 3, 2012]. Orthop J Sports Med. doi:10.1177/0363546512472621.

    4.6 Figures and Tables

    Any material that is submitted with an article that has been reproduced from another source (that is, has been copyrighted previously) must conform to the current copyright regulations. It is the author’s responsibility to obtain written permission for reproduction of copyrighted material and for providing the editorial office with that documentation before the material will be reproduced in the Journal.

    Be sure to include figure legends in the text. The figure legend should include descriptions of each figure part and identify the meaning of any symbols or arrows. Terms used for labels and in the legend must be consistent with those in the text. A CONSORT flow diagram should be included for all randomized clinical trials to illustrate the grouping and flow of patients.

    Authors are encouraged to submit their figures in color, as there is an unlimited use of color in the Journal.

    Figures for papers accepted for publication must meet the image resolution requirements of the publisher, SAGE Publications. Files for line-based drawings (no grayscale) should ideally be submitted in the format they were originally created; if submitting scanned versions, files should be 1200 dots per inch (dpi). Color photos should be submitted at 600 dpi and black-and-white photos at 300 dpi.

    Charts and graphs should whenever possible be submitted in the original form created (eg, Word, Excel, or PowerPoint). Photographs or scanned drawings embedded in Word or PowerPoint are not acceptable for publication. If figures are embedded in the submitted manuscript for ease of reading, they should also be submitted as separate files for use in the publication process.

    All photographs of patients that disclose their identity must be accompanied by a signed photographic release granting permission for their likeness to be reproduced in the article. If this is not provided, the patient’s eyes must be occluded to prevent recognition.

    For tables, the system accepts most common word processing formats. Tables should be numbered consecutively and have a title that describes the content and purpose of the table. Tables should enhance, not duplicate, information in the text.

    4.7 Videos

    Use of supplementary video is encouraged. Videos may be submitted with a manuscript and, if approved by the editor, will be posted online with the article when published. Video submission is strongly encouraged for manuscripts reporting surgical, examination, or exercise techniques or injury mechanisms. For more information about the format requirements for videos, please review the Video Format Guide. For detailed information pertaining to copyright and permissions requirements, view the Video Permission and Fair Use Quick Guide. For videos with identifiable subjects, subjects will need to sign the Audio-Visual Likeness Release form. It is the author’s responsibility to submit signed release forms, if necessary, for each video.

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    5. Accepted Manuscripts

    Once an article is accepted and typeset, authors will be required to carefully read and correct their manuscript proofs that have been copyedited by the publisher. Any extensive changes made by authors on the proofs will be charged to authors at the rate of $2 a line. Authors are responsible for ordering reprints of their articles.

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    6. Abstract Submission Guidelines

    OJSM accepts meeting and poster abstracts from partner societies for publication in the Journal. Abstracts will appear in a supplementary issue to the Journal. Interested societies should contact Colleen Briars (colleen@ojsm.org). On behalf of all abstract authors, the participating society must provide permission for OJSM to publish the abstracts, and submissions must conform to the Journal’s format and style requirements.

    Download the OJSM Abstract Submission Guidelines or see below for details and related files.

    The following items are required for publication:

    1. A list of all abstracts in order of appearance should be submitted to the managing editor, Colleen Briars (colleen@ojsm.org). Please use the Abstract Submissions Spreadsheet for this purpose (see point 2 below). A DOI (digital object identifier) number will then be assigned to each abstract, and the spreadsheet will be sent back to you.
    2. On behalf of all abstract authors, the participating society must provide permission for OJSM to publish the abstracts by (1) completing the Publications Permission Form and (2) confirming on the Abstract Submissions Spreadsheet (Schedule A) that permission has been received for each abstract. Participating societies should retain signed Publications Permission Forms in the event that a question is raised regarding permission. Abstracts will not be accepted until this process has been completed.
    3. Abstracts should be submitted in English and clearly and concisely written; they may be unstructured or structured, as appropriate. Authors are required to submit their abstracts in the OJSM Abstracts Template to ensure that they conforms to the Journal’s layout, style, and legal requirements. Each abstract must be in a separate Word file, named according to DOI number (note: please use “_” in place of “/” when saving documents). Abstracts submitted in a different format will be returned.
    4. The participating society will be held responsible for submitting each abstract with the correct volume and issue number, as provided by the managing editor. This will be assigned when the Abstracts Spreadsheet is returned to the participating society.
    5. Only abstracts presented at the participating society’s meeting in the form of original research poster or podium presentations may be submitted for publication.

    Please note, meeting and poster abstracts are not copyedited or proofread. Authors are responsible for ensuring the accuracy of the contents as submitted.

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    7. Important Notice on Plagiarism and Copyright Infringement

    OJSM and SAGE take issues of copyright infringement, plagiarism or other breaches of best practice in publication very seriously. We seek to protect the rights of our authors and we always investigate claims of plagiarism or misuse of articles published in the journal. Equally, we seek to protect the reputation of the journal. Submitted articles may be checked using duplication-checking software. Where an article is found to have plagiarized other work or included third-party copyright material without permission or with insufficient acknowledgement, or where authorship of the article is contested, or where data or other information found to be incorrect or falsified, we reserve the right to take action including, but not limited to: publishing an erratum or corrigendum (correction), retracting the article, taking up the matter with the head of department or dean of the author’s institution and/or relevant academic bodies or societies, banning the author from publication in the journal or all SAGE journals, or appropriate legal action.

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