Criminology - Interactive eBook
The Essentials

Fourth Edition

Anthony Walsh - Boise State University, USA
Cody Jorgensen - Boise State University, USA, University of Texas, Dallas, USA

Courses:
Introductory Criminology | Introductory Criminology

February 2020 | SAGE Publications, Inc

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Preface

1. An Overview of Crime and Criminology

What Is Criminology?

What Is Crime?

Criminality

An Excursion Through the American Criminal Justice System

A Short History of Criminology

The Role of Theory in Criminology

Ideology in Criminological Theory

Connecting Criminological Theory and Social Policy

Summary

Exercises and Discussion

Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

2. Measuring Crime and Criminal Behavior

Categorizing and Measuring Crime and Criminal Behavior

Uniform Crime Reports: Counting Crime Officially

NIBRS, the UCR, and Police Bias in Arrests

Crime Victimization Survey Data and Their Problems

Areas of Agreement Between the UCR and NCVS

Self-Report Crime Surveys and Their Problems

Crime Mapping

White-Collar Crime: The FBI’s Financial Crimes Report

The Dark Figure of Crime

What Can We Conclude About the Three Main Measures of Crime in America?

Summary

Exercises and Discussion

Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

3. Victimology: Exploring the Experience of Victimization

The Emergence of Victimology

Who Gets Victimized?

Victimization in the Workplace

Human Trafficking

Sexual Assault of Children: Who Gets Victimized?

Domestic Violence Victimization

Hate Crimes

Identity Theft and Other Forms of Cybervictimization

Victimization Theories

Victimization and the Criminal Justice System

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

4. The Early Schools of Criminology

Introduction: Preclassical Notions of Crime and Criminals

The Classical School: The Calculating Criminal

The Rise of Positivism

Deterrence and Choice: Pain Versus Gain

Evaluation of the Classical and Early Positivist Schools

Policy and Prevention: Implications of Deterrence Theories

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

5. Crime as Choice: Rationality, Emotion, and Criminal Behavior

Returning to Classic Assumptions of Human Nature

Rational Choice Theory

Routine Activities Theory

Cultural Criminology

Emotions and Their Functions

Policy and Prevention:

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

6. Social Structural Theories

The Social Structural Tradition

The Chicago School of Ecology

The Anomie/Strain Tradition

Extending Anomie: Subcultural Theories

Street Gangs Today

Evaluation of the Anomie/Strain and Subcultural Tradition

Policy and Prevention: Implications of Social Structural Theories

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

7. Social Process Theories

The Social Process Tradition

Differential Association Theory

Social Learning Theory

The Social Control Tradition

Labeling Theory: The Irony of Social Reaction

Policy and Prevention: Implications of Social Process Theories

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

8. Critical and Feminist Theories

The Conflict Perspective of Society

Karl Marx and Revolution

Conflict Theory: Max Weber and Power and Conflict

Other Critical Criminologies

Evaluation of Critical Theories

Feminist Criminology

Evaluation of Feminist Theories

Policy and Prevention

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

9. Psychosocial Theories: Individual Traits and Criminal Behavior

Introduction: The Two “Great Pillars of Psychology”

Intelligence

Temperament and Personality

Conscience and Arousal

Glen Walters’s Lifestyle Theory

The Antisocial Personalities

Evaluation of the Psychosocial Perspective

Policy and Prevention: Implications of Psychosocial Theories

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

10. Biosocial Approaches

The Biosocial Approach

Behavior Genetics

The Neurosciences

Evolutionary Psychology

Other Biosocial Risk Factors for Criminality

Evaluation of the Biosocial Perspective

Policy and Prevention: Implications of Biosocial Theories

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

11. Developmental Theories: From Delinquency to Crime to Desistance

The Developmental Perspective: Continuity and Change

Risk and Protective Factors for Serious Delinquency

Major Developmental Theories

Evaluation of Developmental Theories

Policy and Prevention: Implications of Developmental Theories

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

12. Crimes of Violence

Violence in History

Murder

Mass, Spree, and Serial Murder

Rape

Robbery

Aggravated Assault

Gun Violence

Theories of Violence

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

13. Terrorism

What Is Terrorism?

The Extent of Terrorism

Domestic Terrorism

Is There a Terrorist Personality?

Theories of Terrorism

Law Enforcement Response and Government Policy

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

14. Property Crime

What Is a Property Offense?

Larceny–Theft

Burglary

Motor Vehicle Theft

Arson

Crimes of Guile and Deceit: Embezzlement, Fraud, and Forgery/ Counterfeiting

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

15. Public Order Crime

What Are Public Order Crimes?

Alcohol and Crime

Illegal Drugs and Crime

Prostitution and Commercialized Vice

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

16. White-Collar Crime

The Concept of White-Collar Crime

Occupational Crime

Corporate Crime

Theories on the Causes of Corporate Crime

Law Enforcement’s Response to Corporate Crime

Cybercrime: Oh, What a Tangled World Wide Web We Weave!

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

17. Organized Crime

What Is Organized Crime?

Political Corruption and Organized Crime

A Brief History of Organized Crime in the United States

Other Organized Crime Groups

Theories of Organized Crime

Law Enforcement’s Response to Organized Crime

Summary

Exercises and Discussion Questions

Useful Websites

Chapter Terms

Glossary

References

Index

About the Author

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