Preface
Acknowledgments
Section I. The Demand for Forensic Services
Joseph L. Peterson
Chapter 1. A Historical Review of the Demand for Forensic Evidence
Estimating the Demand for Forensic Evidence |
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What Is Physical Evidence and What Can It Tell Us? |
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Physical Evidence Presence--Historical Indicators |
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Macro Forces Influencing Utilization Patterns |
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Crime Laboratory Census Results |
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Up-to-Date Utilization Patterns From the "Role and Impact" Study |
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Rachel Dioso-Villa
Chapter 2. Is There Evidence of a "CSI Effect"?
CSI's Depictions of Forensic Science |
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Typology of CSI Effects Found in Media Accounts |
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Evidence of the CSI Effect |
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Juror Expectations and Their Understanding of Forensic Science |
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Matthew J. Hickman and Kevin J. Strom
Chapter 3. What We Know (and Don't Know) About Evidence Backlogs
What Are the Sources of Backlog? |
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What Do We "Know" About the Nature and Scope of Forensic Backlog? |
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The Problem of Artificial Backlog |
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Do Backlogs Represent Justice Delayed and Justice Denied, or Simply Justice "Satisficed"? |
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Section II. The Quality of Forensic Services
Barry A. J. Fisher
Chapter 4. Adopting a Research Culture in the Forensic Sciences
Why a Research Culture Does Not Currently Exist in the Forensic Sciences |
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Recent Developments in the Forensic Sciences |
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Factors Affecting the Admissibility of Forensic Science |
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Contemporary Challenges Facing Forensic Science |
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Reinoud D. Stoel, Charles E. H. Berger, Wim Kerkhoff, Erwin J. A. T. Mattijssen, and Itiel E. Dror
Chapter 5. Minimizing Contextual Bias in Forensic Casework
Levels of Contextual Information |
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How to Deal With Contextual Information |
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Jay Siegel
Chapter 6. A Survey of Ethical Issues in the Forensic Sciences
Discussion of Ethical Issues |
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Toward a National Code of Ethics in Forensic Science |
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Section III. The Utility of Forensic Services
Sally Kelty, Roberta Julian, and Robert Hayes
Chapter 7. The Impact of Forensic Evidence on Criminal Justice: Evidence From Case-Processing Studies
The Impact of Forensic Evidence (FE) on Solvability and Case-Processing Outcomes: Evidence From the Literature |
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Conceptual Framework and Case-Processing Model of Critical Decisions and Leakage Points in Homicide Cases: Findings From the Effectiveness of Forensic Science in the Criminal Justice System (EFS) Project |
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Michael D. White, Andrea R. Borrego, and David A. Schroeder
Chapter 8. Assessing the Utility of DNA Evidence in Criminal Investigations
Empirical Evidence on the Utility of DNA Evidence in Criminal Investigations |
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Explanatory Frameworks for Understanding Law Enforcement's Use of DNA Evidence |
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Nina W. Chernoff
Chapter 9. Forensic Science: The Prosecutor's Role
The Rules That Govern Prosecutors' Use of Forensic Evidence |
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Why the Rules Do Not Produce Prosecutors Who Are Honest About the Reliability of Forensic Evidence |
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The Need for Accuracy Advocates |
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Section IV. Post-Conviction Issues
John M. Collins Jr.
Chapter 10. The Problems and Challenges of Evidence Retention
Safe and Secure Facilities |
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Inventory and Disposition |
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Jurisdictional Case Management |
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Kristen Skogerboe
Chapter 11. Innovation, Success, Error, and Confidence in Forensic DNA Testing
History of DNA and Its Application in Criminal Justice |
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The Role of DNA in Highlighting Limitations in Other Forensic Disciplines |
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The Intersection of Success, Innovation, and Risk of Error in DNA Testing |
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The Road to Testing and Exonerations: DNA From a Chemist's Perspective |
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Innovation, Challenges, and Emerging Issues in Forensic DNA Testing |
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Achieving and Maintaining Confidence With a Research Mentality and Quality Assurance |
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Section V. The Future Role of Forensic Science in the Administration of Justice
Max M. Houck and Paul J. Speaker
Chapter 12. Developing New Business Models for Forensic Laboratories
Efficiency and Cost-Effectiveness |
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Identifying the Best Business Models for Forensic Laboratories |
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Kevin J. Strom and Matthew J. Hickman
Chapter 13. Rethinking the Role of the Crime Laboratory in Criminal Justice Decision Making
The Changing Role of the Crime Laboratory |
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Laboratory Decision Making |
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Promising Examples of Crime Laboratory Decision-Making Policies |
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Walter F. Rowe
Chapter 14. The Future of Forensic Science
Technological Developments |
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Administrative Changes in Forensic Science |
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Forensic Science Education |
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Index
About the Editors
About the Contributors