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UNIT I: UNDERSTAND YOUR POWER AS A DIRECTION-GIVER
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1. So, You Want Other People to Work Well Together?
Groups Can Create a Community, Calm a Complex Organization, or Move Millions
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Grouping, Group Direction, and Direction-Giving Are Human Responses to Exigencies
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Direction-Giving Types Include the Work of a Doer, Follower, Guide, Manager, and Leader
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Everyone Has the Obligation to Help His or Her Group to Thrive: The Social Contract of Citizenship
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2. Distinguish Between Three Direction-Giving Options: Doing, Following, and Guiding
Specific Exigencies, Credentials, and Competencies Frame Each Type of Direction-Giver
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Giving Direction as a Doer Requires Competence
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Credentialing as a Doer Requires You to Accomplish Something Competently
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Communicating Competently Blends Your Act as a Doer Into the Group's Needs
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Giving Direction as a Follower Requires Affiliative Receptivity
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A Direction-Giver's Initiative Creates an Exigency for a Follower
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Credentialing as a Follower Requires Showing You Offer an Able and Desirable Affiliation
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Communicating Competently Blends Your Followership With a Direction-Giver's Efforts
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Giving Direction as a Guide Requires Credibility
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Every Group Needs Direction at Many Points in Time, Creating the Guideship Exigency
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Credentialing as a Guide Requires You to Create and Impression of Credibility
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Communicating Competently, Your Guideship Ought to Take Care With a Group's Attentions
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3. Understand That Other Direction-Giving Options May Be Needed: Managing or Leading Well
There Are Many Names for Leadership: Definitions Too
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Giving Direction as a Manager Requires the Ability to Marshal Resources
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The Odious, the Complex, and the Everlasting Provide Exigencies for a Manager
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Credentialing as a Manager Is Based in the Stories You and Others Tell of Your Experience
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Doing and Interpreting Your Management Work for the Group Requires a Variety of Skills
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Giving Direction as a Leader Requires Articulating a Group-Transformative Vision
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A System-Threatening Crisis or Opportunity Provides the Exigency for Leadership
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Credentialing to Be Seen by Others as a Leader Requires You to Articulate a Salient Vision
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Your Effective Leadership Is Not Necessarily Tied to Specific Communication Skills
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Beware Easy Misconceptions About These Five Types of Direction-Givers
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UNIT II: DEVELOP YOUR OWN STRATEGIES FOR GIVING DIRECTION WELL
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4. Use Leadership Theory and Research to Prepare Yourself to Give Direction
The Traits Perspective Focuses on Who You Are to Explain your Effectiveness
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Developing Emotional Intelligence and Resilience May Matter More Than Your IQ
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Self-Monitoring and Rhetorical Sensitivity Orient You to the Resources Around You
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Situational, Styles, and Contingency Perspectives Focus on Behavioral Choices You Make
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Great Leaders During Times of Crisis and Hemphill's Work Show That Situation Matters
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The Styles Perspective Says Pick the Right Way to Treat Those With Whom You Group
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The Contingency Perspective Says You Need to Adjust to Recurring "What Ifs" of Grouping
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The Functional Perspective Focuses on What You Can Do for Your Group
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Benne and Sheats Say Every Group Must Serve Task, Relational, and Individual Functions
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Blake and Mouton's Managerial Grid Says You Need to Balance Those Functions
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Your Grouping Choices Also Need to Earn You at Least Once Process Prize From Grouping
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Explicit and Implicit Theories of Effective Grouping and Direction-Giving Are in Play
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5. Develop a Framework and Position Yourself for Giving Direction
A Direction-Giving Framework Should Have a Philosophy, Exemplar Model, and Guidelines
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Taylor's Scientific Management Is One Framework for Giving Direction Well
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Mayo's Hawthorne Effect Shows the Need for a Different Framework
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Develop Your Own Effectiveness Framework for Each Type of Direction-Giving You Provide
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Your Philosophy Should Put Your Values Into Your Framework and Then Into Action
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Your Exemplars Provide Aspirational Stories and a Sense of What "the Best" Can Be
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Your Guidelines Animate Your Philosophy and Exemplars in Your Own Direction-Giving
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Position Yourself as a Key Direction-Giver in the Story of Your Group
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A Process of Residues Helps Us Decide on Whom We Will Focus Our Attention
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Take Stock of the Credentials You Have and What Can You Do to Help Your Group Thrive
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Recurring Types of Situations Can Help Put Context to Your Direction-Giving Preparations
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Some Advice That May Be Useful as You Position Yourself
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UNIT III: DEVELOP YOUR COMMUNICATION SKILLS TO ENHANCE YOUR DIRECTION-GIVING
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6. Figure Out How to Communicate Effectively
Communication Is a Tool Used to Transfer Information and a Process for Making Meaning
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Accurate Transfer of Information Requires Fidelity
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Making Meaning Involves Finding the Utility Involved
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People Communicate for Purposes of Inquiry, to Influence Others, and to Build Relationships
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Inquiry Is the Imperative to Make Sense of What is Happening to You
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Influence Is the Imperative to Get Others to See Things Your Way or to Do What You Want
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Relationship Is the Imperative to Have Social Contact and to Get Along With Others
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Attaining a Symbolic Convergence of Terms, Meanings, and Stories Requires Effort and Skill
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Create Messages That Gain Attention, Enhance Understanding, and Encourage Identification
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Receive Messages Reflectively, Oriented Toward Understanding Ideas and Finding Utility
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7. Shape Effective Experiences and Expectations for Citizenship in Your Group
Help Shape Stories of Effective Group Experiences for Your Group
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A Human Experience Is a Constructed Understanding of What Is Meaningful
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Stories of Past, Present, and Future Experiences Are How You Give Direction to Your Group
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Constitutive Rhetoric Is How You Co-Construct a Sense of Your Group and of "The Others"
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Help Shape Stories of Experience That Create an Expectation of Citizenship in Your Group
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Citizenship Experience Stories Stimulate Participation, Criticism, and Reasoned Conformity
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How Groups Perpetuate Themselves Shapes the Experience of Citizen-Members
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Play Your Part as a Citizen of Your Group
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UNIT IV: USE STORIES TO UNITE YOUR GROUP'S EFFORTS
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8. Help Shape the Story of Your Organization, Team, or Community
You Can Use Stories to Unite Your Group and to Give It Direction
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Find Coherence in Co-Constructed Stories of Your Group's Experience
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Narrative Provides a Potent Tool for Shaping Effective Group Experiences
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Seek and Shape Stories That Show or Start Something Special in Your Group
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Making Accounts, Sensemaking, and Defining Stories Are Foundations of Narrative
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Characterization, Ideographs, and Rhetorical Depiction Are Potent Forms of Narrative
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The Master Narrative Is the Overarching Story of Your Group's Experience
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Create Coherence in Memorable Messages, Critical Incidents, Teaching Tales, and Nuggets
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Figure Out What Others Will Hear in the Experience Stories You Tell and Help Shape
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9. Develop the Framing Skills Needed by Every Direction-Giver
Framing Is Basic to All Communication: Your Frames Shape Your Direction-Giving Accounts
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Frames, Like Definitions, Are How We Attach Meaning to Things
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Frames Show Motives, Shape Experience, and Provide Authoritative Weight in the Group
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Develop the Framing Skills You Need to Use to Be Effective as a Direction-Giver
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Naming, Framing, and Blaming Are Basic Aspects of the Process for Making Meanings
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Frame Your Group's Purgatory Puddle, Way/Process, Vision/Outcome, and Savior Complex
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Claiming and Taming Are Elaborated Constructions of What Is Meaningful
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10. Leadership Vision Can Be a Crisis-Based Direction-Giving Story
Do You Need Vision as a Planning Tool or Do You Need a Vision that Transforms Your Group?
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Are You Prepared to Give Direction During a Crisis?
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Vision/Outcome Represents All Your Group Products and Purposes
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Conceptions of Vision Range From Low- to High-Intensity Forms of Direction-Giving Action
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What Is the Relationship Between a Vision and a Direction-Giver?
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Crisis Is Different Than the Typical Pitfalls and Problems You Face in Every Group
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Rhetorical Resources (and Your Responses Should) Vary Across the Circumstances of Crisis
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You Can Prepare for Crisis That Resemble Fires Needing to Be Put Out
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You Should Understand Direction-Giving Communications During Transformative Crisis
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Do Not Misuse Crisis: From Mistakes to Faux Crisis, False Pretenses, and Manipulations
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