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Vision

Vision

The Journal of Business Perspective
Published in Association with Management Development Institute
Other Titles in:
Business & Management

eISSN: 22495304 | ISSN: 09722629 | Current volume: 28 | Current issue: 1 Frequency: 5 Times/Year

Vision-The Journal of Business Perspective, a collaborative endeavor of the Management Development Institute, Gurugram, and SAGE Publications, aims at driving forward research in the field of business and management sciences by providing high-quality evidence based papers for academics, researchers, managers and policymakers. The journal, endeavoring to create influence on the academic as well as corporate thinkers, aspires to provide opportunities for discussion and exchange of ideas across a wide spectrum of scholarly opinions to promote theoretical, empirical and comparative research on problems confronting the business world.

Vision-The Journal of Business Perspective is published in March, June, September and December every year. The journal publishes theoretical as well as applied research work. It caters to researchers, academics corporate professionals from India and other parts of the globe. Research papers, perspective articles, and cases have been often used as supportive course material by the academia, and corporate world.

The content covered in recent years spans the latest developments in the following:

· Accounting and Control
· Agriculture and Rural Development
· CSR and Sustainability
· Economics
· Finance and Banking
· General Management
· Information Sciences
· Innovation and Entrepreneurship
· Marketing
· Operations Management
· Organizational Behaviour
· Public Policies and Governance
· Strategic Management

This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective is a quarterly peer reviewed journal published in March, June, September and December every year. It is a collaborative effort of the Management Development Institute, Gurgaon, India, and SAGE Publications.

Vision contains papers in all functional areas of management, including the economic and business environment. The journal is premised on creating influence on the academic and corporate thinkers.
Its targeted readers are researchers, academics involved in research and corporates with excellent professional backgrounds from India and other parts of the world. Its contents have often been used as supportive course materials by the academics and corporate professionals.

The journal has been providing opportunity for discussions and exchange of ideas across a wide spectrum of scholarly opinions to promote theoretical, empirical and comparative research on problems confronting the business world. Outstanding, well-published, young and upcoming academics, and corporate functionaries are the major contributors of this journal. The journal publishes theoretical and applied research works.

The primary features of the journal are as follows.
1. Applied and Normative Research: Scholarly articles by academics or practitioners: the research papers can be conceptual, analytical, empirical or experimental
2. Review Articles: Critical literature review of published works
3. Book Reviews

Electronic Access:

Vision-The Journal of Business Perspective is available electronically on SAGE Journals Online at https://journals.sagepub.com/home/vis

Editor
Sajal Ghosh Management Development Institute (MDI), Gurgaon
Associate Editors
Anupam Dutta School of Accounting and Finance, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland
Partha Gangopadhyay Western Sydney University, Australia
Muhammad Farrukh Iqbal Shenzhen MSU-BIT, Shenzhen, China
Muhammad Farrukh Iqbal Moscow State University, Beijing Institute of Technology (SMBU), China
Vinod Mishra Monash Business School, Monash University, Australia
Sudharshan Reddy Paramati School of Business, University of Dundee, Scotland
Sanjoy Paul UTS Business School, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Muhammad Rafiq Assistant Professor, UCSI Graduate Business School, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur
Tareq Rasul Australian Institute of Business (AIB), South Australia, Australia
Fernando de Oliveira Santini Unisinos Business School, University of the Sinos River (UNISINOS), Brazil
Amanjot Singh King's University College, University of Western Ontario, Canada
Avik Sinha Management Development Institute, Gurgaon, India
Nikolina Palamidovska-Sterjadovska Faculty of Economics-Skopje, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary Tokai University, Japan
Vu Trinh Newcastle University Business School (NUBS), UK
Editorial Board
Peter B H Ackers De Montfort University, UK
Richard E Boyatzis Case Western Reserve University, USA
Joost Bücker Radboud University, Netherlands
Roger N. Conaway The University of Texas at Tyler, USA
Cary Cooper Manchester Business School, UK
Stefan Gröschl ESSEC Business School, France
Dennis Heaton Maharishi University of Management, USA
Asha Kaul Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Adela J McMurray RMIT University, Australia
Avinandan Mukherjee College of Business, Clayton State University, USA
Sharda Nandram Nyenrode Business Universiteit, Netherlands
Nitin Pangarkar National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
Andreas Pinkwart HHL Graduate School of Business, Germany
June Xiaojun Qian Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Emandi Sankara Rao Management Development Institute, India
Debi Saini Indian Institute of Management, Ranchi, India
G P Shukla Duke University, USA
Claire A Simmers Saint Joseph's University, USA
R K Singh Management Development Institute, Gurgaon, India
Samir K Srivastava Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, India
Editorial Coordinator
Meenu Pawar Management Development Institute, Gurgaon, India
  • Australian Business Deans Council (ABDC)
  • Chartered Association of Business Schools (CABS)
  • Clarivate Analytics: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI)
  • DeepDyve
  • Dutch-KB
  • EBSCO
  • Global Institute for Scientific Information
  • Indian Citation Index (ICI)
  • J-Gate
  • OCLC
  • Ohio
  • Portico
  • Proquest: Business Premium Collection
  • Proquest: Central
  • Research Papers in Economics (RePEc)
  • SCOPUS
  • UGC-CARE (GROUP II)
  • VISION

    This Journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics

    Manuscripts must be submitted online at https://peerreview.sagepub.com/vis. For manuscript submission related queries, please contact the editorial office on 01244560176 or drop an email on editorialcoordinator@mdi.ac.in

    Only manuscripts of sufficient quality that meet the aims and scope of VISION will be reviewed.

    There are no fees payable to submit or publish in this Journal. Open Access options are available - see section 3.3 below.

    As part of the submission process you will be required to warrant that you are submitting your original work, that you have the rights in the work, and that you have obtained and can supply all necessary permissions for the reproduction of any copyright works not owned by you, that you are submitting the work for first publication in VISION and that it is not being considered for publication elsewhere and has not already been published elsewhere. 

    If you have any questions about publishing with SAGE, please visit the SAGE Journal Solutions Portal

    1. What do we publish?
    1.1 Aims & Scope
    1.2 Article type and word limit
    1.3 Peer Review
    1.4 Writing your paper

    2. Editorial policies
    2.1 Peer review policy
    2.2 Authorship
    2.3 Acknowledgements
    2.4 Funding
    2.5 Declaration of conflicting interests
    2.6 Research data

    3. Publishing policies
    3.1 Publication ethics
    3.2 Contributor’s publishing agreement
    3.3 Open access and author archiving

    4. Preparing your manuscript
    4.1 Formatting
    4.2 Artwork, figures and other graphics
    4.3 Supplemental material
    4.4 Reference style

    5. Submitting your manuscript
    5.1 ORCID
    5.2 Information required for completing your submission
    5.3 Permissions

    6. On acceptance and publication
    6.1 SAGE Production
    6.2 Online First publication
    6.3 Access to your published article
    6.4 Promoting your article

    7. Further information

    1. What do we publish?

    1.1 Aims & Scope

    Before submitting your manuscript to VISION: The Journal of Business Perspective, please ensure you have read the ‘Aims & Scope’ of the journal.

    1.2 Article types and word limit

    Vision only publishes Original Research. A manuscript submitted to Vision should not have been published, in full or in part, in another journal, nor may manuscripts be submitted to another journal during the review process without notifying the editors of intent to withdraw. Duplicate submission is grounds for immediate rejection and if necessary additional sanctions. Prior publication in conference proceedings, however, is acceptable. Where your data has been utilised in other published studies, please include details in your covering letter. Types of manuscripts included in Vision are:

    • Research Articles
    • Literature Review
    • Book Review

    Research Articles and Review Articles should be between 5000-7000 words. Book Review should be 1200–2000 words. All the word limits are inclusive of tables and figures captions but exclusive of references.

    • All articles except Book Review must be accompanied by an abstract of 150–250 words and 4–6 keywords. The abstract should not contain any undefined abbreviations or unspecified references.

    1.3 Peer Review

    All the submissions will go through a similarity check. Editors evaluate all manuscripts first. Manuscripts rejected at this stage are either insufficiently original, or have scientific flaws, poor grammar/English language, or are outside the aims and scope of the journal. Failure to follow the Guide for Authors and the article structure will result in the manuscript being returned to the author.

    This journal operates a double anonymized review process in which the identity of both the reviewer and author are always concealed from both parties. Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to an independent expert reviewer to assess the quality of the paper. If needed, the editor may take the opinion of a second reviewer. The Editor is responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The Editor's decision is final.

    VISION is committed to delivering high quality, fast peer-review for your paper, and as such has partnered with Publons. Publons is a third party service that seeks to track, verify and give credit for peer review. Reviewers for [Journal] can opt in to Publons in order to claim their reviews or have them automatically verified and added to their reviewer profile. Reviewers claiming credit for their review will be associated with the relevant journal, but the article name, reviewer’s decision and the content of their review is not published on the site. For more information visit the Publons website.

    The Editor or members of the Editorial Board may occasionally submit their own manuscripts for possible publication in VISION. In these cases, the peer review process will be managed by alternative members of the Board and the submitting Editor/Board member will have no involvement in the decision-making process.

    1.4 Writing your paper

    Research articles should be written in the following order: 

    1.4.1 Title page: All manuscripts should be submitted with the cover page bearing only the title of the article, author/s’ names, designations, official addresses, phone/fax numbers, and email addresses. Author/s’ name should not appear on any other pages. The title page must clearly indicate the name of corresponding author who will handle communications at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication.

    1.4.2 Manuscript without author’s details. 

    The structure should be as follows:

    Abstract; keywords; Main text 1. Introduction 2. Data Descriptions 3. Materials and Methods 4. Results & Discussion; 5. Conclusion. Subsections should be numbered 2.1 (then 2.1.1, 2.1.2, ...), 2.2, etc.); References

    For Research Article, Introduction section must state the background, research gap, objectives and the novelties of the work. If considered necessary, a literature review sections would be placed between the Introduction and the Materials and Methods sections. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference with only relevant modifications described.

    Review article should provide a comprehensive foundation on a topic; explain the current state of knowledge; Identify gaps in existing studies for potential future research and highlight the main methodologies and research techniques

    Book reviews should cover review of the book’s content and scope; Contribution the book makes to field of knowledge and identification of the paradigmatic or intellectual perspectives in which the work is grounded.

    The SAGE Author Gateway has some general advice and on how to get published, plus links to further resources. SAGE Author Services also offers authors a variety of ways to improve and enhance their article including English language editing, plagiarism detection, and video abstract and infographic preparation.

    1.4.1 Make your article discoverable
    For information and guidance on how to make your article more discoverable, visit our Gateway page on How to Help Readers Find Your Article Online

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    2. Editorial policies

    2.1 Peer review policy

    SAGE does not permit the use of author-suggested (recommended) reviewers at any stage of the submission process, be that through the web-based submission system or other communication. 
    Reviewers should be experts in their fields and should be able to provide an objective assessment of the manuscript. Our policy is that reviewers should not be assigned to a paper if:

    •  The reviewer is based at the same institution as any of the co-authors
    •  The reviewer is based at the funding body of the paper
    •  The author has recommended the reviewer
    •  The reviewer has provided a personal (e.g. Gmail/Yahoo/Hotmail) email account and an institutional email account cannot be found after performing a basic Google search (name, department and institution). 

    2.2 Authorship

    All parties who have made a substantive contribution to the article should be listed as authors. Principal authorship, authorship order, and other publication credits should be based on the relative scientific or professional contributions of the individuals involved, regardless of their status. A student is usually listed as principal author on any multiple-authored publication that substantially derives from the student’s dissertation or thesis.

    If the named authors for a manuscript change at any point between submission and acceptance, an Authorship Change Form must be completed and digitally signed by all authors (including any added or removed) . An addition of an author is only permitted following feedback raised during peer review. Completed forms can be uploaded at Revision Submission stage or emailed to the Journal Editorial Office contact (listed on the journal’s manuscript submission guidelines). All requests will be moderated by the Editor and/or Sage staff.

    Important: Changes to the author by-line by adding or deleting authors are NOT permitted following acceptance of a paper.

    Please note that AI chatbots, for example ChatGPT, should not be listed as authors. For more information see the policy on Use of ChatGPT and generative AI tools.

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    2.3 Acknowledgements

    All contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship should be listed in an Acknowledgements section. Examples of those who might be acknowledged include a person who provided purely technical help, or a department chair who provided only general support.

    Please supply any personal acknowledgements separately to the main text to facilitate anonymous peer review.

    2.3.1 Writing assistance
    Individuals who provided writing assistance, e.g. from a specialist communications company, do not qualify as authors and so should be included in the Acknowledgements section. Authors must disclose any writing assistance – including the individual’s name, company and level of input – and identify the entity that paid for this assistance. It is not necessary to disclose use of language polishing services.

    2.4 Funding

    VISION requires all authors to acknowledge their funding in a consistent fashion under a separate heading. Please visit the Funding Acknowledgements page on the SAGE Journal Author Gateway to confirm the format of the acknowledgment text in the event of funding, or state that: This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. 

    2.5 Declaration of conflicting interests

    VISION encourages authors to include a declaration of any conflicting interests and recommends you review the good practice guidelines on the SAGE Journal Author Gateway

    Please ensure that a ‘Declaration of Conflicting Interests’ statement is included at the end of your manuscript, after any acknowledgements and prior to the references. If no conflict exists, please state that ‘The Author(s) declare(s) that there is no conflict of interest’. 

    2.6 Research data

    At SAGE we are committed to facilitating openness, transparency and reproducibility of research. Where relevant, VISION encourages authors to share their research data in a suitable public repository subject to ethical considerations and where data is included, to add a data accessibility statement in their manuscript file. Authors should also follow data citation principles. For more information please visit the SAGE Author Gateway, which includes information about SAGE’s partnership with the data repository Figshare.

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    3. Publishing Policies

    3.1 Publication ethics

    The publisher of the journal is committed to upholding the integrity of the academic record. VISION encourage authors to refer to the Committee on Publication Ethics’ International Standards for Authors and view the Publication Ethics page on the SAGE Author Gateway
    Important Note to Authors
    Authors are advised not to withdraw their manuscript until a final decision on the paper [acceptance or rejection]. For multi-authored manuscripts, the withdrawal request must be signed by all the authors, with the compelling reason(s) for its withdrawal.

    3.1.1 Plagiarism
    VISION
    and SAGE take issues of copyright infringement, plagiarism or other breaches of best practice in publication very seriously. We seek to protect the rights of our authors and we always investigate claims of plagiarism or misuse of published articles. Equally, we seek to protect the reputation of VISION against malpractice. Submitted articles may be checked with duplication-checking software. Where an article, for example, is found to have plagiarized other work or included third-party copyright material without permission or with insufficient acknowledgement, or where the authorship of the article is contested, we reserve the right to take action including, but not limited to: publishing an erratum or corrigendum (correction); retracting the article; taking up the matter with the head of department or dean of the author's institution and/or relevant academic bodies or societies; or taking appropriate legal action.

    3.1.2 Prior publication
    If material has been previously published it is not generally acceptable for publication in a SAGE journal. However, there are certain circumstances where previously published material can be considered for publication. Please refer to the guidance on the SAGE Author Gateway or if in doubt, contact the Editor at the address given below.

    3.2 Contributor’s publishing agreement

    Before publication, SAGE requires the author as the rights holder to sign a Journal Contributor’s Publishing Agreement. SAGE’s Journal Contributor’s Publishing Agreement is an exclusive licence agreement which means that the author retains copyright in the work but grants SAGE the sole and exclusive right and licence to publish for the full legal term of copyright. Exceptions may exist where an assignmen t of copyright is required or preferred by a proprietor other than SAGE. In this case copyright in the work will be assigned from the author to the society. For more information please visit the SAGE Author Gateway

    3.3 Open access and author archiving

    VISION offers optional open access publishing via the Sage Choice programme and Open Access agreements, where authors can publish open access either discounted or free of charge depending on the agreement with Sage. Find out if your institution is participating by visiting Open Access Agreements at Sage. For more information on Open Access publishing options at Sage please visit Sage Open Access. For information on funding body compliance, and depositing your article in repositories, please visit Sage’s Author Archiving and Re-Use Guidelines and Publishing Policies.

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    4. Preparing your manuscript for submission

    4.1 Formatting

    The preferred format for your manuscript is Word. LaTeX files are also accepted. A LaTex template is available on the Manuscript Submission Guidelines page of our Author Gateway.

    The manuscript should be structured as follows:

    • Original Manuscript: Articles should be written in MS Word, Times New Roman font, and should be submitted in soft copy.
    • Executive Summary: All articles must have an executive summary of about 400 words.
    • Abstract: All articles must be accompanied by an abstract of 150–200 words and 4–6 keywords.
    • Title Page: Manuscripts should be submitted with the cover page bearing only the title of the article, author/s’ names, designations, official addresses, phone/fax numbers, and email addresses. Author/s’ name should not appear on any other page. 

    The title page must clearly indicate the name of corresponding author who will handle communications at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. The authors must ensure that phone numbers (with country and area code) are provided in addition to the e-mail address and the complete postal address. Contact details must be kept up to date by the corresponding author. 

    • Authors Biography: Authors must provide a biographical sketch of about 60 - 80 words. They may include information about their current designation and affiliation, specialization, number of books and articles published in refereed journals.
    • Photographs and Scanned images: All photographs/scanned images should be provided separately. All photographs and scanned images should have a resolution of minimum 300 dpi and 1500 pixels and their format should be TIFF or JPEG. 
    • Declaration Form: VISION encourages authors to include a declaration of any conflicting interests and recommends you review the good practice guidelines on the SAGE Journal Author Gateway.
    • Copyright Form duly signed to be submitted.

    Important Note to Authors

    Authors are advised not to withdraw their manuscript until a final decision on the paper [acceptance or rejection]. For multi-authored manuscripts, the withdrawal request must be signed by all the authors, with the compelling reason(s) for its withdrawal.

    The manuscript must adhere to below mentioned guidelines 

    1. Manuscripts must be submitted online at https://peerreview.sagepub.com/vis. For manuscript submission related queries, please contact the editorial office on 01244560176 or drop a mail in editorialcoordinator@mdi.ac.in 
    2. Use British spellings in all cases rather than American spellings (hence, ‘programme’ not ‘program’, ‘labour’ not ‘labor’, and ‘centre’ and not ‘center’).
    3. Use ‘z’ spellings instead of ‘s’ spellings. This means that words ending with ‘-ise’, ‘isation’, etc., will be spelt with ‘z’ (e.g., ‘recognize’, ‘organize’, ‘civilize’).
    4. Use single quotes throughout. Double quotes only to be used within single quotes. Spellings of words in quotations should not be changed. Quotations of 45 words or more should be separated from the text and indented with one space with a line space above and below.
    5. Notes should be numbered serially and presented at the end of the article. Notes must contain more than a mere reference.
    6. Use ‘twentieth century’, ‘1980s’. Spell out numbers from one to nine, 10 and above to remain in figures. However, for exact measurements, use only figures (9 per cent, not nine %). Use thousands and millions, not lakhs and crores.
    7. Use of italics and diacriticals should be minimized, but used consistently.
    8. Tables and figures to be indicated by numbers separately (see Table 1), not by placement (see Table below). Present each table and figure on a separate sheet of paper, gathering them together at the end of the article. All Figures and Tables should be cited in the text. Sources for figures and tables should be mentioned irrespective of whether or not they require permissions.
    9. Due permissions should be taken for copyright protected photographs/images. Even for photographs/images available in the public domain, it should be clearly ascertained whether or not their reproduction requires permission for purposes of publishing (which is a profit-making endeavor). 
    10. A consolidated listing of all books, articles, essays, theses and documents referred to (including any referred to in the tables, graphs and maps) should be provided at the end of the article.

    4.2 Artwork, figures and other graphics

    For guidance on the preparation of illustrations, pictures and graphs in electronic format, please visit SAGE’s Manuscript Submission Guidelines

    • All photographs and scanned images should have a resolution of minimum 300 dpi/1500 pixels and their format should be TIFF or JPEG.
    • Due permissions should be taken for copyright protected photographs/images. Even for photographs/images available in the public domain, it should be clearly ascertained whether or not their reproduction requires permission for purposes of publishing (which is a profit-making endeavour).
    • All photographs/scanned images should be provided separately in a folder along with the main article.

    Please Note: All figures and tables should be cited in the text and should have the source (a specific URL, a reference or, if it is author’s own work, ‘The Author’) mentioned irrespective of whether or not they require permissions.

    • Figures supplied in colour will appear in colour online regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in colour in the printed version. For specifically requested colour reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from SAGE after receipt of your accepted article.

    4.3 Supplemental material

    This Journal is able to host additional materials online (e.g. datasets, podcasts, videos, images etc) alongside the full-text of the article. For more information please refer to our guidelines on submitting supplemental files

    4.4 Reference style

    VISION adheres to the APA reference style. View the APA guidelines to ensure your manuscript conforms to this reference style.

    • References: A consolidated listing of all books, articles, essays, theses and documents referred to (including any referred to in the tables, graphs and maps) should be provided at the end of the article.
    • Arrangement of references: Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work. In each reference, authors’ names are inverted (last name first) for all authors (first, second or subsequent ones); give the last name and initials for all authors of a particular work unless the work has more than six authors. If the work has more than six authors, list the first six authors and then use et al. after the sixth author’s name.
    • Chronological listing: If more than one work by the same author(s) is cited, they should be listed in order by the year of publication, starting with the earliest.
    • Sentence case: In references, sentence case (only the first word and any proper noun are capitalized—e.g., ‘The software industry in India’) is to be followed for the titles of papers, books, articles, etc.
    • Title case: In references, Journal titles are put in title case (first letter of all words except articles and conjunctions are capitalized—e.g., Journal of Business Ethics).
    • Italicize: Book and Journal titles are to be italicized.

    Please Note: For each in-text citation there must be a corresponding reference in the reference list and for each reference there must be a corresponding in-text citation.

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    5. Submitting your manuscript

    Manuscripts must be submitted online at https://peerreview.sagepub.com/vis. Submission to this journal proceeds totally online and you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of your files. The system automatically converts your files to a single PDF file, which is used in the peer-review process. Please read “Manuscript Submission Guidelines” carefully before submission.

    For Revised Manuscript, author needs to consider all issues mentioned in the reviewer’s comments carefully: outline every change made in response to the reviewer’s comments and provide suitable rebuttals for any comments not addressed at the beginning of the revised manuscript. Please mark the changes in the revised manuscript

    For manuscript submission related queries, please contact the editorial office on 01244560176 or drop a mail in editorialcoordinator@mdi.ac.in

    Authors Biography: Authors must provide a biographical sketch of about 60 - 80 words. They may include information about their current designation and affiliation, specialization, number of books and articles published in refereed journals.

    Declaration Form: Vision encourages authors to include a declaration of any conflicting interests and recommends you review the good practice guidelines on the SAGE Journal Author Gateway.

    5.1 ORCID

    As part of our commitment to ensuring an ethical, transparent and fair peer review process SAGE is a supporting member of ORCID, the Open Researcher and Contributor ID. ORCID provides a unique and persistent digital identifier that distinguishes researchers from every other researcher, even those who share the same name, and, through integration in key research workflows such as manuscript and grant submission, supports automated linkages between researchers and their professional activities, ensuring that their work is recognized.

    We encourage all authors and co-authors to link their ORCIDs to their accounts in our online peer review platforms. It takes seconds to do: click the link when prompted, sign into your ORCID account and our systems are automatically updated. We collect ORCID IDs during the manuscript submission process and your ORCID ID then becomes part of your accepted publication’s metadata, making your work attributable to you and only you. Your ORCID ID is published with your article so that fellow researchers reading your work can link to your ORCID profile and from there link to your other publications.

    If you do not already have an ORCID ID please follow this link to create one or visit our ORCID homepage to learn more.

    5.2 Information required for completing your submission

    You will be asked to provide contact details and academic affiliations for all co-authors via the submission system and identify who is to be the corresponding author. These details must match what appears on your manuscript. The affiliation listed in the manuscript should be the institution where the research was conducted. If an author has moved to a new institution since completing the research, the new affiliation can be included in a manuscript note at the end of the paper. At this stage please ensure you have included all the required statements and declarations and uploaded any additional supplementary files (including reporting guidelines where relevant).

    5.3 Permissions

    Please also ensure that you have obtained any necessary permission from copyright holders for reproducing any illustrations, tables, figures or lengthy quotations previously published elsewhere. For further information including guidance on fair dealing for criticism and review, please see the Copyright and Permissions page on the SAGE Author Gateway

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    6. On acceptance and publication

    6.1 SAGE Production

    Your SAGE Production Editor will keep you informed as to your article’s progress throughout the production process. Proofs will be made available to the corresponding author via our editing portal SAGE Edit or by email, and corrections should be made directly or notified to us promptly. Authors are reminded to check their proofs carefully to confirm that all author information, including names, affiliations, sequence and contact details are correct, and that Funding and Conflict of Interest statements, if any, are accurate. 

    6.2 Online First publication

    Online First allows final articles (completed and approved articles awaiting assignment to a future issue) to be published online prior to their inclusion in a journal issue, which significantly reduces the lead time between submission and publication. Visit the SAGE Journals help page for more details, including how to cite Online First articles.

    6.3 Access to your published article

    SAGE provides authors with online access to their final article.

    6.4 Promoting your article

    Publication is not the end of the process! You can help disseminate your paper and ensure it is as widely read and cited as possible. The SAGE Author Gateway has numerous resources to help you promote your work. Visit the Promote Your Article page on the Gateway for tips and advice.

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    7. Further information

    Any correspondence, queries or additional requests for information on the manuscript submission process should be sent to the VISION editorial office at the following address:
    E-mail: editorialcoordinator@mdi.ac.in

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